膳食指导和体重控制对妊娠期糖尿病、高血压及胎儿影响的研究(1)
[摘要] 目的 探討膳食指导和体重控制对妊娠期糖尿病、高血压及胎儿影响。 方法 选取2015年6月～2016年12月于我院进行产前检查的240例孕妇作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法，将其随机分为对照组和研究组各120例，对照组孕妇给予常规产前检查和健康教育，而研究组孕妇则在对照组的基础上给予膳食指导和体重控制。观察两组孕妇孕期体重的增长情况和妊娠期并发症的发生情况。比较两组孕妇的分娩方式、妊娠结局以及新生儿结局。 结果 研究组孕妇的体重增长量为(12.58±2.79)kg，明显低于对照组的(17.54±2.38)kg，两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；研究组孕妇的妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病和贫血的发病率分别为2.50%、0和6.67%，均明显低于对照组的10.00%、5.00%和18.33%，两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；研究组孕妇的阴道分娩率为90.83%，明显高于对照组的70.00%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；研究组新生儿体质量为(3.24±0.26)kg，明显低于对照组的(3.58±0.32)kg；研究组低体质量儿和巨大儿的发生率分别为1.67%和3.33%，均明显低于对照组的7.50%和10.00%，两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 膳食指导和体重控制可有效控制孕妇的体重增长，降低妊娠期并发症发生率和剖宫产率，改善母婴结局。
[关键词] 膳食指导；体重控制；妊娠期并发症；妊娠结局；新生儿结局
[中图分类号] R714.256 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616(2017)13-36-04
[Abstract] Objective To explore effect of dietary instruction and weight control on gestational diabetes mellitus， hypertension and fetus. Methods 240 pregnant women who received prenatal examination in our hospital from June 2015 to December 2016 were selected as research objects. They were randomly divided into the control group and the study group， with 120 in each according to random number table. Pregnant women in the control group were given routine prenatal examination and health education while pregnant women in the study group were given dietary instruction and weight control at basis of the control group. Weight gain and occurrence of pregnancy complications of pregnant women in two groups were observed. Delivery modes， pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes of two groups were compared. Results Weight gain of pregnant women in the study group was (12.58±2.79) kg， lower than that in control group (17.54±2.38) kg. Differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Incidences of gestational hypertension， gestational diabetes mellitus and anemia of pregnant women in the study group were respectively 2.50%， 0 and 6.67%， all significantly lower than those of the control group 10.00%， 5.00% and 18.33%. Differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Rate of vaginal delivery of pregnant women in the study group was 90.80%， significantly higher than that of the control group 70.00%. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Body mass of newborns in the study group was (3.24±0.26) kg， significantly lower than that of the control group (3.58±0.32) kg. Incidences of low body mass newborns and macrosomia in the study group were respectively 1.67% and 3.33%， both significantly lower than those in the control group 7.50% and 10.00%. Differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Dietary instruction and weight control can effectively control the weight gain of pregnant women， reduce the occurrence rate of pregnant complications and cesarean section rate and improve maternal-infant outcome, 百拇医药(涂飞容)
[关键词] 膳食指导；体重控制；妊娠期并发症；妊娠结局；新生儿结局
[中图分类号] R714.256 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616(2017)13-36-04
[Abstract] Objective To explore effect of dietary instruction and weight control on gestational diabetes mellitus， hypertension and fetus. Methods 240 pregnant women who received prenatal examination in our hospital from June 2015 to December 2016 were selected as research objects. They were randomly divided into the control group and the study group， with 120 in each according to random number table. Pregnant women in the control group were given routine prenatal examination and health education while pregnant women in the study group were given dietary instruction and weight control at basis of the control group. Weight gain and occurrence of pregnancy complications of pregnant women in two groups were observed. Delivery modes， pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes of two groups were compared. Results Weight gain of pregnant women in the study group was (12.58±2.79) kg， lower than that in control group (17.54±2.38) kg. Differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Incidences of gestational hypertension， gestational diabetes mellitus and anemia of pregnant women in the study group were respectively 2.50%， 0 and 6.67%， all significantly lower than those of the control group 10.00%， 5.00% and 18.33%. Differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Rate of vaginal delivery of pregnant women in the study group was 90.80%， significantly higher than that of the control group 70.00%. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Body mass of newborns in the study group was (3.24±0.26) kg， significantly lower than that of the control group (3.58±0.32) kg. Incidences of low body mass newborns and macrosomia in the study group were respectively 1.67% and 3.33%， both significantly lower than those in the control group 7.50% and 10.00%. Differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Dietary instruction and weight control can effectively control the weight gain of pregnant women， reduce the occurrence rate of pregnant complications and cesarean section rate and improve maternal-infant outcome, 百拇医药(涂飞容)